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April 8, 1930. L. s. M coRN COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Jan. 6, 1928 III/IAI 'kelwL INVENTOR W Bfflzwt ATTORNEY WITNESSES a. 5?

Patented Apr. 8, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LEES'IARR MGCORN, 0FILION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO REMINGTON TYPEWRITEB COMPANY, OF ILION, NEWYORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK COMPUTING MAOHIN E Application filedJanuary 6, 1928. Serial No. 244,914.

My invention relates to computing machines, and it has for its principalobject to provide certain improvements in algebraic totalizers; that isto say, in totalizers capable of both addition and subtraction, and ofexhibiting the correct balance whether that be positive or negative.

To the above and other ends my'invention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations and arrangements of parts, all of whichwill be fully set forth herein and particularly pointed out in theclaims.

One form of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, inwhich Figure 1 is a front to rear sectional view of a totalizer on theline 11 of Figure 6 and.

looking toward the right.

Figure 2 is a View of the same totalizer looking in the oppositedirection, the righthand side plate being partly broken away.

Figure 3 is a partial sectional View of the totalizer looking toward theleft.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of-a certain operating wheel or disk.

Figure 5 is a similar view of one of the regular carrying wheels of thetotalizer.

Figure 6 is a partial sectional view on the line 66 of Figure 2, andlooking in the direction of the arrows at said line.

Figures 1, 4 and 5 are on a larger scale than Figures 2, 3 and 6.

The invention is shown applied to a Remington combined typewriting andcomputing 7 machine of that sort which includes not only verticaltotalizers but a cross totalizer as well, and the invention is hereshown applied to the cross totalizer.

The parts of the machinevnot shown are well known in the art, saidmachine having been manufactured and extensively marketed for a numberof years. As far as my invention is concerned the machine may be likethat shown in the patent to J. C. Wahl, No.

1,27 0,47 1, dated June 25, 1918. In the patent the cross totalizer iscalled the universal totalizer.

In the drawing, 1 indicates the cross or universal truck. on which thetotalizer is mounted dove-tail fashion, and to which it is secured by alatch lever .2. The framing of the totalizer itself comprises aright-hand side plate 3, a left-hand side plate 4, and variousconnecting rods and bars secured at their ends in one way or another tothese frame plates and extending transversely between them. Some ofthese transverse bars are marked 5 in the drawing.

The register Wheels of an ordinary Remington or lVahl totalizercomprises in each denomination a carrying gear 6, an intermediate oridler gear 7, and a pinion 8, the latter rigid with the dial 10 on whichthe amounts are read.

-The transfer mechanism is of the intermittent gear or so-called Genevatype and it includes Geneva pinions 11 arranged in two different rowsand mounted each on a v lever 12. The levers 12 are of two kinds pivotedon frame rods 13 and 14: respectively, and they all at their upperforward ends rest against stop screws 15 and cooperate with a universalbar 16. In all of the respects mention ed and in all other respectsexcept as here-' inafter pointed out, the totalizer shown in the drawingcontains all of the devices usually in Wahl or Remington totalizers, andcontains some additional mechanism as will be pointed out.

As is well known the Remington totalizer is operated one denomination ata time by an actuator, which actuator comprises a master wheel 17 toengage the carrying wheels 6, and a master dog 18 to engage the transferlevers 12. The fragmental illustration of The numerals on the dial 20are arranged in the opposite order from those on the dials 10, asconventionally illustrated in Fig. 3 and they are so arranged that whena zero shows through the upper sight-opening 23 a 9 will show throughthe lower sight-opening 24 in the casing plate 25. This arrangement andconstruction are not new, having been provided several times before inWahl totalizers.

In order to display th positive or negative total, as the case may i e,and to hide the end arms 31 pivoted on the shaft 21. Onthe shaft '32 ofthe idler gears '7 there is pivoted a lever 33 having an arm 34projecting therefrom through a slot in the casing plate 25 and servingas a finger piece or handle by which the lever can be turned from itslower position, shown in Fig. 1, to its upper position, shown in Fig. 2.This lever has two pins 35 and 36 projecting therefrom into slots 37 and38 in the arms 28 and 31 respectively of the two shutters, and soarranged as that the swingingv of the lever arm 34 swings said shuttersabout their respective pivots, the arrangement being such that when thearm 34 is in its lower position the shutter 26 is above thesight-opening 23 so as to display the positive total, whereas theshutter 27 stands in register with the sight-opening 24 so as to hidethe negative total. But when the handle is moved to its upper positionthe shutters are both moved downward, the upper one to cover up andhide'the positive total, and the lower one to expose the negative to- Ytal, as indicated in Fig. 2.

At its inner end the lever 33 is formed with a series of gear teeth 40which mesh with a series of teeth 41 on an operating wheel or disk 42,shown in perspective in Fig. 4. This disk or wheel is pivoted on theshaft 43 of the carrier gears 6 just to the right of the carrier wheelof lowest order.

The wheel 42 has for its purpose to carry to the wheel 6 of lowest orderthe so-called fugitive 1 which must be subtracted or added every time analgebraic totalizer changes from a positive to a negative total, or viceversa. The construction of this wheel can best be understood bycomparing it with one of the wheels 6. Said wheels 6 are made in threeplanes or strata. The righthand plane includes thirty gear teeth 44. Inthe middle plane there are three transfer teeth 45, one for every tenteeth 44. The left-hand stratum consists of a locking disk having acircular perimeter 46, but broken by three notches or concaves- 47 Itmay be added that each of the transfer gears 11 is also made in threeplanes. The left-hand plane consists of a set of ten gear teeth meshingwith the teeth 44 of a wheel 6 of higher order. The middle planeconsists of a scal-. loped locking disk 48, the scallops resting on theperiphery 46 of the next wheel of lower order. The right-hand stratum ofthe wheel 11 is a star wheel 50 having teeth of about the shape shownin'the drawing and adapted to be operated by the transfer teeth 45 orthe wheel of lower order. The scallops of the part 48 are concave on aradius equal to that of the periphery 46 so that when one of thesescallops is riding on such periphery the transfer pinion is locked andas it meshes with the wheel of next higher order the latter is alsolocked. lVhen one of these gear trains stands in the zero position, asshown in Fig. 3, a transfer tooth 45 stands just to the right of one oftheteeth of the star wheel 50. If now the wheel 6, shown in Fig. 3, wereturned counter-clockwise thetooth 45 would turn the Geneva wheel 11 andcarry to the wheel of next higher order, the rotation of said star Wheelbeing permitted by the notches or con caves 47 in the wheel 6.

These wheels 6 are made integral out of steel by a succession ofstamping operations in a press. punched out of sheet steel and this diskis then subjected to the action of a die which forms the disk section orstratum 46 with its notches 47. The piece is then put into another pressand subjected to the action of another die which makes the middlestratum of the wheel, including the transfer teeth 45, the other sectionwhich is afterward to have contained the teeth 44 being merely flattenedout as a sort of rim around that section of the wheel which contains theteeth 45. The wheel is then put through another die which cuts the teeth44 in this projecting flange .or rim. There are various other operationsin the manufacture of this wheel that it is not necessary to describe. Acomparison of Figs. 4 and 5 will however make it apparent that the wheelshown in Fig. 4 could be, and as a matter of fact it is, made from oneof the wheels shown in Fig. 5 at that stage of the manufacture at whichthe teeth 45 have been formed and the right-hand section of the wheelstill consists of a mere flange or rim of sheet metal. In the wheel 42there is present the same circular perimeter 46 and Ihai e shown one ofthe notches 47 and'the corresponding transfer tooth 45 integral with aflange 51 in the third plane of the wheel. It is in this plane that theteeth 41 are cut to cooperate with the teeth 40 of the lever 33. A lever12 and transfer pinion 11 are rovided to connect this wheel 42 with thew eel 6 of lowest denomination in exactly the same way said wheel 6would be connected with the next one by transfer mechanism. It will beperceived that whenever the handle 34 is moved from one of its positionsto the other, the tooth 45 of the Wheel 42 is moved from one side to theother of the adjacent tooth of the star wheel 50 with the result thatthe Wheel 6, and in fact the whole gear train of lowest order, will bemoved one tooth in adding direction when the handle 34 is moved down- Adisk like a washer is first v ward and in subtracting direction whensaid handle is moved upward.

It'should be explained that in Fi 1 the section is taken just to theright of t e gear train of lowest order but the transfer wheel 11 hasbeen sectioned away except for the.

star wheel 50 which is therefore shown in full lines, and a part of thescalloped stratum 48 is shown broken.

It has been explained that except when one of the denominational geartrains stands at 9 or at the wheel. of next higher order is positivelylocked by the engagement of thescalloped section 48 with the circularperiphery 46.. When, however, the wheel stands at zero, as shown at Fig.3, the pinion 11 is locked by said scallop and periphery in onedirection only because part of the scallop projects over the notch-47.In this position of the parts it is the transfer tooth. 45 alone whichprevents rotation of the transfer pinion in the opposite direction. Whenthe wheel]- tance away from it, and in factdirectly beneath the nexttooth of ,said star wheel. It

will be perceived that the star wheel 50 shown in Fig. 1- is positivelylocked against counterclockwise rotation by one of its teeth standingdirectly overthe end of the transfer tooth 45. This wheel is alsopositively locked against rotation inthe opposite direction by thescallop 48 resting on the periphery 46.

It will be perceived that the locking action is better in the case ofthe wheel 42 shown in Fig. 1 than it is inthev case of the ordinarycarrying wheel 6 shown in Fig. 3. This result is secured by cutting theteeth 41- in a.

different relation to the tooth 45 than the -teeth 44 areicut in thewheels 6. In said wheels 6 a tooth 45 is a sort of-leftward prolongationof one of theteeth 44 or of a portion of one of said teeth ;v but if theseries of gearteeth 41 on the wheel 42 were continued until they reachedthe tooth-45 said tooth 45 would be found to be in the interdental spacebetween twoI-of the teeth 41 instead of being against one'of said teeth.The construction of the lever 33 is such that when it is swung from oneof its positions to the other it rocks the wheel '42 to an extent ofapproximately two ofits teeth 41, the carrying action on the star wheel50 occurring in the middle of this motion. The two positions occupied bythe tooth 45 of the wheel 42 are therefore spaced apart a distancenearly equal to two of the teeth 41. instead of one of said teeth, withthe result thatsaid tooth 45 acts better than it would if it only movedone tooth space.

Moreover, the extra motion thus allowed to the lever 33 makes said leverwork better the shutters 26 and 27 in fact it is better every .other oftheir two positions the lug 53 is so located and is made of such lengthand its two sides are so beveled as to cooperate properly with aV-shaped nose 55 on a locking lever which is pivoted on the rod 13 anddrawn downward by a spring 56, similar to those which control thelevers12. The locking lever having the nose 55 is made similar to thoseusually employed in the Wahl machine to control the register wheel oflowest order, said lever being riveted to thexside of a longer lever 57which is like the levers 12 and at its free end cooperates like themwith a stop screw 15 and the universal bar 16. The construction is suchthat when the handle 34 is operated the motion of the wheel 42 forcesthe nose 55 outward until the turning of the wheel is nearly completedwhen said nose is drawn down by its spring 56 against the inclined edgesof the lug 53 and completes the motion and retains the parts inposition.

' The flange 51 hereinbefore referred to has backing for the tooth 45which is strengthened by reason of the factthat it is integral with saidflange. I

The clearance proof mechanism usual in the Remington cross totalizer ispresentin the totalizer shown in the drawing. This comprises a feelercomb 58 pivoted at 60 in the side'plates of the totalizer andcooperatpositive dials 10. One tooth 61 of each of these dials is madeshort, and this tooth registers' with the comb when the dial stands atzero, as shown in Fig. 3. An arm 62 is fastened to the right-hand end ofthe comb 58 and projects rearward therefrom and is inte rlocked with anarm 63 pivoted on the shaft with the teeth of the pinions 8 of the,

no particular function except to serve as a That other mechanism may beof the said dials were visible at the time.

Hart, Sr. No. 61,471 filed October 9, 1925 and showing what is called astar proof of clearance; or it may be of any other suitable kind. Itwill be perceived that this clearanceproof mechanism will stand in itsclear position with finger 65 in its rear position when the positivedials 10 all show zero,

as shown in Fig. 3; but will stand in its notactor, and in which thefugitive 1 is added or subtracted as required. 1

Each denominational train in the .totalizer (units, tens, hundreds,etc.) occupies a space right and left equal to one letter space of thetypewriter-(0ne tenth of an inch). The operating wheel 42 and lever 33with its studs 35 and 36 all occupyv a space of the same extent next tothe right of that'occupied by the units train, so that my algebraicmechanism adds only one letter space (one tenth of an inch)" to thewidth of the totalizer; whereas most, if not all, previous arrangementshave added more than that to the width of the totalizer. This is adecided-advantage in.

this machine, especially'in case the totalizer is required to be of aconsiderable capacity. This totalizer is mounted on a jumping acrosstruck where the room is limited and where any width and weight beyondwhat is necessary are not desirable. The parts62, 63, 64, 65 of theclearance proof mechanism add one letter space, as usual. filled on theshaft 43 by' a washer 66.. No doubt the use of the apparatus will beapparent from what'has been said. The han le 34 normally occupiesitslower position, shown'in Fig.1, and it can remain there indefinitely,until when the operator comes to cop a total she finds that the total indicate on'the positive dials 10 begins with one or more 9s indicating anegative or credit balance. Before copying this balance she pushes thehandle to its upper position which hides the the negative dia s 20 andwhich at the same time carries the fu 'tive 1 into the computingmechanism. he then copies the total mm the lower dials, first reversingthe machine, after which she restores the handle 34 to its normalposition. The copying of the total from the lower dials brought saiddials to zero but brought the dials 10 to position which would show arow of 9s if When the handle 34 is restored to its normal position thenecessary 1 is added to convert this This letter space is positive dials10 and exposes row of 9s into a row of zeros and thus to clear thepositive wheels. The clear signal mechanism will then show clear.

Various changes may be made in the details of construction andarrangements without departing from my invention.

What I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent,.is

1. In an algebraic totalizer', the combination with register wheels; ofan operating wheel at the right of the units register wheel, saidoperating wheel having the transfer tooth andthe locking surface of aGeneva. transfer train; a Geneva pinion constituting another part ofsaid transfer train and acting to transfer movement from said operatingwheel to said units wheel; and a handoperated lever in the plane of saidoperating wheel and geared theretoto turn said operating wheel in onedirection for a negative total and in the opposite direction for apositi've total.

2. In an algebraic totalizer, thecombination with register gear wheels;dials for showing both positive and negative totals and a'shutterconstruction;*of an operating wheel at the. right of the "units registergear wheel. said operating wheel having the transfer tooth and lockingsurface of-a Geneva transfer train: a Geneva pinion constituting anotherpart of saidGenevatrain-and'acting to transfer movement froms'aid'operating wheel to saidunits wheel;-a hand-operated lever in theplane of said operatingwheeland geared thereto to turnsaid operatingwheel in one direction for a negative total and. in the oppositedirection for a positive total; and means whereby said handle operatessaid shutter construction.

'3. In an algebraic totalizer, the combination with register wheels; ofan operating wheel at the right of the'units register wheel, saidoperating wheel having the transfer tooth and locking surface of aGeneva transfer train; a Geneva pinion constituting another part of saidtransfer train and acting to transfer movement from said operating wheelto said units wheel; and means for turning said operating wheel to anextent materially in excess of a single tooth space in one direction fora negative total and in the opposite direction for a positive total.

4. In an algebraic totaliaer, the combination with register wheels; ofan operating wheel at the right of the units register wheel, saidoperating wheel having the transfer toothand locking surface of a Genevatransfer train; a Geneva pinion constituting another part of said Genevatrain and transferring movement from said operating wheel to said unitswl1eel;'and a hand-operated lever in the plane of said operating wheeland geared thereto to turn said operating wheel to an extent materiallyin excess of a single tooth space in one direction for a negative totaland in the opposite direction for a positive total.

5. In an algebraic totalizer, the combination with register wheels; ofan operating Wheel at the right of the units register wheel, v

said operating wheel having the transfer tooth and the locking surfacewith a notch therein of a Geneva transfer train; a Geneva pinion havinga scalloped part for co-operation with saidlocking surface and notch,and having a star wheel for co-operation with said transfer pinion andacting to transfer motion of said operating wheel to said units wheel;and means for turning said:

operating wheel to an extent materially greaterthan a tooth space andsuch that at each extremity of its motion said operating riage; of anoperating wheel at. the right of the units register wheel, saidoperating wheel having the transfer tooth and locking surface of aGeneva transfer train; a Geneva pinion constituting another part of saidtransfer train and transferring movement from said operating wheel tosaid units wheel; and a hand-operated lever in the plane ofsaidoperatingwheel and geared thereto to turn said operating wheel inone direction for a negative total and in the opposite direction for apositive total, said operating wheel and operating lever occupyingrightand left the space of one letter space of the typewriter carriage.

Signed at Ilion, in the county of Herkimer, and State of New York, this20th day of December, A. D. 1927.

I LEE STARR'MoCORN.

